J. W.  Vickery, ?19. Gramineae?, Contribution from the New South Wales Herbarium, vol. 19(1), pp. 1-124, 1961.

P. C.  van Welzen, ?A taxonomic revision of the genus Arthraxon Beauv. (Gramineae)?, Blumea, vol. 27, pp. 255-300, 1981.

J.  Ohwi, ?New or noteworthy grasses from Asia?, Bulletin of the Tokyo Science Museum, vol. 18, pp. 1-15, 1947.

P.  Jansen, ?Notes on Malaysian grasses - 1?, Reinwardtia, vol. 2, pp. 225-350, 1953.

T.  J. Henrard, ?Notes on the nomenclature of some grasses, II?, Blumea, vol. 4, pp. 496-538, 1941.

E.  Hackel, ?Andropogoneae?, in Monographiae phanerogamarum 6, A. & C.  de Candolle, Ed. Paris: Sumptibus G. Masson, 1889, pp. 1-716.

H. B.  Gilliland, Grasses of Malaya.  Vol III of Burkhill,HM, A revised Flora of Malaya. Singapore: Government Printing Office, 1971, p. 319 and 36 plates.

K.  Domin, ?Embryophyta siphonogama. Gramineae?, Bibliotheca Botanica, vol. 85, pp. 256-413, 1915.