E. A.  Kellogg and Campbell, C. S., Grass Systematics and Evolution. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1987, pp. 310-322.

C. S.  Campbell, ?The subfamilies and tribes of Gramineae (Poaceae) in the southeastern United States?, Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, vol. 66, pp. 123-199, 1985.

C. S.  Campbell and Kellogg, E. A., ?Sister group relationships of the Poaceae?, in Grass sytematics and evolution, T. R.  Soderstrom and al, et, Eds. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1987, pp. 217-224.